RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the mortality of children under five and the causes of death together with related trend of dynamics, from 2001 to 2013 in Sichuan province. METHODS: Using the Children Death Monitoring Network under five in Sichuan province to obtain basic data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were used to describe the mortalities in children and infants as well as the causes of death, in both rural and urban areas of Sichuan province. RESULTS: In Sichuan province, the mortality of children under five decreased from 35.30 in 2001 to 11.77 in 2013. In 2013, mortality in the rural areas was 2.37 times more than that in the urban area. The proportion of neonatal deaths among the mortality in children under five was 44.72%. Pneumonia, congenital heart diseases and premature or low birth weigh were the top three causes of death for children under five. Among them, the top three causes of death for urban area were congenital heart disease, drowning, and premature or low birth weight/birth asphyxia. Meanwhile, the top three causes of death in rural areas were pneumonia, premature birth/low birth weight and birth asphyxia. Overall, the mortality rates of birth asphyxia, pneumonia and low birth weight gradually decreasd but drowning, diarrhea and traffic accidents fluctuated. CONCLUSION: The mortality of children under five in Sichuan province was 13, which had already met the goal set for the year 2020. However, reducing the mortality in rural areas, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas seemed the main part of the future endeavor while focus of prevention should be adjusted according to the causes of death.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the trend of infant mortality and the leading cause of the deaths in Sichuan province from 2001 to 2009. METHODS: Data presented in this report was obtained from the child mortality surveillance network with target population as children under 5 years of age. Rates on infant mortality, neonatal mortality and indirect estimation of infant mortality were calculated. RESULTS: The neonatal mortality rate and infant mortality rate in Sichuan dropped from 18.6, 25.5 in 2001 to 7.6, 12.1 per 1000 live birth in 2009, with rates of decline as 59.1% and 35.0%, from 2001 to 2009. In urban areas of Sichuan, the neonatal and infant mortality rates dropped from 4.7, 7.5 in 2001 to 3.7 and 6.5 per 1000 live birth in 2009, with the rates of decline as 22.3% and 13.1%. In the rural areas of Sichuan, the neonatal and infant mortality rates dropped from 25.2 and 34.0 in 2001 to 9.6, 14.3 per 1000 live birth in 2009, with rates of decline as 62.0%, 57.9% from 2001 to 2009. CONCLUSION: In both urban and rural areas, the neonatal and infant mortality rates had decreased drastically from 2001 to 2009, due to the decrease of avoidable deaths as pneumonia and diarrhea in infants.
